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know-how:master [2023/11/25 16:22] – [Installation] ccknow-how:master [2024/02/26 10:32] (aktuell) – cc
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 +~~ODT~~
 ====== Anforderungen ====== ====== Anforderungen ======
   * Das "master" System dient Pannonia IT als Basis für diverse Virtualisierungen die mit "KVM" durchgeführt werden und soll as simple as possible sein   * Das "master" System dient Pannonia IT als Basis für diverse Virtualisierungen die mit "KVM" durchgeführt werden und soll as simple as possible sein
Zeile 4: Zeile 5:
  
  
-====== Installation ======+====== Installation von Rescue System bei Hetzner für Root Server ====== 
 +  * Achtung hier Debian 11 Scratchpad / kein UEFI sondern legacy bios 
 + 
 +<code> 
 + 
 +master setup base 
 + 
 + 
 +root@rescue ~ # gdisk /dev/sda 
 +GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.6 
 + 
 +Warning: Partition table header claims that the size of partition table 
 +entries is 0 bytes, but this program  supports only 128-byte entries. 
 +Adjusting accordingly, but partition table may be garbage. 
 +Warning: Partition table header claims that the size of partition table 
 +entries is 16843009 bytes, but this program  supports only 128-byte entries. 
 +Adjusting accordingly, but partition table may be garbage. 
 +Partition table scan: 
 +  MBR: not present 
 +  BSD: not present 
 +  APM: not present 
 +  GPT: not present 
 + 
 +Creating new GPT entries in memory. 
 + 
 +Command (? for help): ? 
 +b back up GPT data to a file 
 +c change a partition's name 
 +d delete a partition 
 +i show detailed information on a partition 
 +l list known partition types 
 +n add a new partition 
 +o create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT) 
 +p print the partition table 
 +q quit without saving changes 
 +r recovery and transformation options (experts only) 
 +s sort partitions 
 +t change a partition's type code 
 +v verify disk 
 +w write table to disk and exit 
 +x extra functionality (experts only) 
 +? print this menu 
 + 
 +Command (? for help): n 
 +Partition number (1-128, default 1):  
 +First sector (34-3907029134, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:  
 +Last sector (2048-3907029134, default = 3907029134) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +150M 
 +Current type is 8300 (Linux filesystem) 
 +Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):  
 +Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem' 
 + 
 +Command (? for help): n 
 +Partition number (2-128, default 2):  
 +First sector (34-3907029134, default = 309248) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:  
 +Last sector (309248-3907029134, default = 3907029134) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:  
 +Current type is 8300 (Linux filesystem) 
 +Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): fd00 
 +Changed type of partition to 'Linux RAID' 
 + 
 +Command (? for help): w 
 + 
 +Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING 
 +PARTITIONS!! 
 + 
 +Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y 
 +OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda. 
 +The operation has completed successfully. 
 + 
 + 
 +----- 
 + 
 + 
 +root@rescue ~ # gdisk /dev/sdb 
 +GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.6 
 + 
 +Warning: Partition table header claims that the size of partition table 
 +entries is 0 bytes, but this program  supports only 128-byte entries. 
 +Adjusting accordingly, but partition table may be garbage. 
 +Caution: invalid main GPT header, but valid backup; regenerating main header 
 +from backup! 
 + 
 +Warning: Invalid CRC on main header data; loaded backup partition table. 
 +Warning! One or more CRCs don't match. You should repair the disk! 
 +Main header: ERROR 
 +Backup header: OK 
 +Main partition table: OK 
 +Backup partition table: OK 
 + 
 +Partition table scan: 
 +  MBR: not present 
 +  BSD: not present 
 +  APM: not present 
 +  GPT: damaged 
 + 
 +Found invalid MBR and corrupt GPT. What do you want to do? (Using the 
 +GPT MAY permit recovery of GPT data.) 
 + 1 - Use current GPT 
 + 2 - Create blank GPT 
 + 
 +Your answer: 2 
 + 
 +Command (? for help): n 
 +Partition number (1-128, default 1):  
 +First sector (34-3907029134, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:  
 +Last sector (2048-3907029134, default = 3907029134) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +150M 
 +Current type is 8300 (Linux filesystem) 
 +Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):  
 +Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem' 
 + 
 +Command (? for help): n 
 +Partition number (2-128, default 2):  
 +First sector (34-3907029134, default = 309248) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:  
 +Last sector (309248-3907029134, default = 3907029134) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:  
 +Current type is 8300 (Linux filesystem) 
 +Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): fd00 
 +Changed type of partition to 'Linux RAID' 
 + 
 +Command (? for help): w 
 + 
 +Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING 
 +PARTITIONS!! 
 + 
 +Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y 
 +OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sdb. 
 +The operation has completed successfully 
 + 
 +---- 
 + 
 +create RAID1 
 + 
 +# mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=raid1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb2 
 +--- 
 + 
 +create physical volume device for lvm 
 + 
 +root@rescue ~ # pvcreate /dev/md0  
 +  Physical volume "/dev/md0" successfully created. 
 + 
 +---- 
 + 
 +create volume group  
 +root@rescue ~ # vgcreate master /dev/md0 
 +  Volume group "master" successfully created 
 + 
 +---- 
 + 
 +create logical volume for root filesystem 
 + 
 +root@rescue ~ # man lvcreate 
 +root@rescue ~ # lvcreate -L 35G -n root  master 
 +  Logical volume "root" created. 
 + 
 +--- 
 + 
 +create ext4 filesystem for root Filesystem 
 + 
 +root@rescue ~ # mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/master-root -L ROOT_FS 
 +mke2fs 1.46.2 (28-Feb-2021) 
 +Creating filesystem with 9175040 4k blocks and 2293760 inodes 
 +Filesystem UUID: 100ea202-f3c5-4f02-8b0a-d59596af5f00 
 +Superblock backups stored on blocks:  
 + 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,  
 + 4096000, 7962624 
 + 
 +Allocating group tables: done                             
 +Writing inode tables: done                             
 +Creating journal (65536 blocks): done 
 +Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 
 + 
 +-- 
 + 
 + 
 +mount ext4 filesystem on /mnt/tmp/ 
 +root@rescue ~ # mkdir /mnt/tmp 
 +root@rescue ~ # mount /dev/mapper/master-root /mnt/tmp/ 
 + 
 +---- 
 + 
 +deboostrap a current debian system 
 + 
 +root@rescue /mnt/tmp # debootstrap bullseye ./ http://deb.debian.org/debian 
 + 
 +---- 
 +chroot into new environment 
 + 
 +root@rescue /mnt/tmp # mount -t proc none proc/ 
 +root@rescue /mnt/tmp # mount -t sysfs none sys 
 +root@rescue /mnt/tmp # mount -o bind /dev dev/ 
 +root@rescue /mnt/tmp # chroot ./ /bin/bash 
 + 
 +--- 
 +install necessary packages mdadm / lvm2 for system to work 
 + 
 +root@rescue:/# apt-get install mdadm lvm2 vim openssh-server man htop 
 + 
 +--- 
 + 
 +erlaube temporär Root Login mit Passwort und setze ordentliches Passwort >20 Zeichen 
 + 
 +root@rescue:/# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config 
 +root@rescue:/# passwd 
 +New password:  
 +Retype new password:  
 +passwd: password updated successfully 
 +root@rescue:/# grep -i PermitRoot /etc/ssh/sshd_config 
 +PermitRootLogin yes 
 + 
 +---- 
 +--- 
 + 
 +grub2 installieren zum booten der maschine 
 + 
 +root@rescue:/# apt-get install grub2  
 +root@master:/# grub-install /dev/sda 
 +Installing for i386-pc platform. 
 +grub-install: warning: this GPT partition label contains no BIOS Boot Partition; embedding won't be possible. 
 +grub-install: error: embedding is not possible, but this is required for RAID and LVM install. 
 + 
 + 
 +--- 
 + 
 +sda1 anpassen mach ma bios boot partition draus - ef02 
 + 
 + 
 +root@rescue /mnt/tmp # gdisk /dev/sdb 
 +GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.6 
 + 
 +Partition table scan: 
 +  MBR: protective 
 +  BSD: not present 
 +  APM: not present 
 +  GPT: present 
 + 
 +Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT. 
 + 
 +Command (? for help): ? 
 +b back up GPT data to a file 
 +c change a partition's name 
 +d delete a partition 
 +i show detailed information on a partition 
 +l list known partition types 
 +n add a new partition 
 +o create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT) 
 +p print the partition table 
 +q quit without saving changes 
 +r recovery and transformation options (experts only) 
 +s sort partitions 
 +t change a partition's type code 
 +v verify disk 
 +w write table to disk and exit 
 +x extra functionality (experts only) 
 +? print this menu 
 + 
 +Command (? for help): t 
 +Partition number (1-2): 1 
 +Current type is EF01 (MBR partition scheme) 
 +Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = EF01): ef02 
 +Changed type of partition to 'BIOS boot partition' 
 + 
 +Command (? for help): w 
 + 
 +Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING 
 +PARTITIONS!! 
 + 
 +Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y 
 +OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sdb. 
 +Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table. 
 +The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you 
 +run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) 
 +The operation has completed successfully 
 + 
 +... 
 + 
 +so muss es aussehen wenn von mbr / bios legacy gebootet wird 
 + 
 +root@rescue /mnt/tmp # chroot ./ /bin/bash 
 +root@master:/# grub-install /dev/sda 
 +Installing for i386-pc platform. 
 +Installation finished. No error reported. 
 +root@master:/# grub-install /dev/sdb 
 +Installing for i386-pc platform. 
 +Installation finished. No error reported 
 + 
 +--- 
 + 
 +raid1 infos vom hostsystem ins chroot 
 + 
 +root@master:/# /usr/share/mdadm/mkconf > /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf 
 + 
 +--- 
 + 
 +Kernel Installation 
 + 
 +apt-get install linux-image-amd64 
 + 
 + 
 +--- 
 + 
 +Netzwerk konfigurieren damit die MAschine auch korrekte IP Infos bekommt beim booten e.g. 
 + 
 +/etc/default/grub 
 +.. 
 +GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="net.ifnames=0" 
 +... 
 +update-grub2 
 +... 
 + 
 +-- 
 + 
 +Warning wegen fehlender Firmware sources (in dem Fall realtek Netzwerkkarte) anpassen non-free hinzufügen  
 + 
 +root@master:~# cat /etc/apt/sources.list 
 +deb http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye main non-free  
 +deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security main non-free 
 +deb http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates main non-free 
 + 
 +root@master:~# apt-get install firmware-realtek 
 + 
 + 
 +root@master:~# update-initramfs -k all -u 
 + 
 +--- 
 + 
 +root@master:/# cat /etc/network/interfaces 
 +# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8) 
 +# Include files from /etc/network/interfaces.d: 
 +source /etc/network/interfaces.d/* 
 + 
 + 
 +auto lo 
 +iface lo inet loopback 
 + 
 +auto eth0 
 +iface eth0 inet static 
 +           address IP 
 +           netmask NETMASK  
 +           gateway GATEWAY 
 +            
 +            
 +----- 
 + 
 +fstab für root partition konfigurieren 
 + 
 +root@master:/# cat /etc/fstab  
 +# UNCONFIGURED FSTAB FOR BASE SYSTEM 
 + 
 +LABEL=ROOT_FS /               ext4    errors=remount-ro    0       1 
 + 
 +--- 
 + 
 +check ob ich bereits booten kann 
 + 
 +root@master /mnt # cat /proc/mdstat  
 +Personalities : [raid1]  
 +md0 : active raid1 sdb2[1] sda2[0] 
 +      1953227840 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] 
 +      [=====>...............]  resync = 29.2% (571644672/1953227840) finish=157.0min speed=146638K/sec 
 +      bitmap: 11/15 pages [44KB], 65536KB chunk 
 + 
 +unused devices: <none> 
 + 
 +reboot  
 +-- 
 + 
 +ja geht :) 
 + 
 + 
 + 
 +</code> 
 + 
 + 
 +====== Installation von USB Stick (dvd iso)  ======
   * Die folgende Installation wurde mit 2x M.2 Crucial 500GB (https://www.amazon.de/-/en/dp/B0B25LQQPC?ref=ppx_yo2ov_dt_b_product_details&th=1)  und dieser Firewall Appliance (https://www.amazon.de/-/en/dp/B0B53MKZBX?psc=1&ref=ppx_yo2ov_dt_b_product_details , https://www.amazon.de/-/en/dp/B08C4WV6FT?psc=1&ref=ppx_yo2ov_dt_b_product_details) durchgeführt.    * Die folgende Installation wurde mit 2x M.2 Crucial 500GB (https://www.amazon.de/-/en/dp/B0B25LQQPC?ref=ppx_yo2ov_dt_b_product_details&th=1)  und dieser Firewall Appliance (https://www.amazon.de/-/en/dp/B0B53MKZBX?psc=1&ref=ppx_yo2ov_dt_b_product_details , https://www.amazon.de/-/en/dp/B08C4WV6FT?psc=1&ref=ppx_yo2ov_dt_b_product_details) durchgeführt. 
   * Basissystem: Debian 12 Bookworm :) FIXME preseed erstellen für die Automatisierung der Installationsfragen   * Basissystem: Debian 12 Bookworm :) FIXME preseed erstellen für die Automatisierung der Installationsfragen
know-how/master.1700925740.txt.gz · Zuletzt geändert: 2023/11/25 16:22 von cc